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Morphology

C, 40 -100cm

Ecology

hill and mountain

Chorology

W-European, mediterranean

Xylem

Distinct rings, diffuse-porous, vessels in radial to slightly diagonal groups, simple perforations, ray-vessel pits round, vessels surrounded by vasicentric tracheids, fibers thin-walled, with small pits, parenchyma apotracheal, in aggregates and terminal, rays uniseriate, heterocellular with 2-4 square and upright cells.

Xylem-Code

See annex

Phloem

With many fibers in groups, fibers do not show up in polarized light, phellem cells in regular radial rows, with slime ducts.

Explanations

For explanations please see the Feature Characteristics.

© 2005 WSL - F. Schweingruber, W. Landolt, last update 18.11.2010

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